HttpTunnelServer,从源码看Springboot如何实现双向数据交互

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HttpTunnelServer,从源码看Springboot如何实现双向数据交互
Tunnel是什么?

Tunnel存在的意义,就是使用http协议来传输非http协议的内容,在使用fiddler4抓包的时候,常常会看见Tunnel这样的包,打开之后会发现里面没有标准http协议的模式,没有http头,包体也和http协议包体不相同。

Tunnel可以用来做服务器和客户端进行双向交流,这就解决了http1.1中无法实现服务器主动给客户端发送信息的问题。

Springboot中如何实现Tunnel?

Springboot中提供了HttpTunnelServer来提供Tunnel这样的功能,我们可以先来看一看它的源码

public HttpTunnelServer(TargetServerConnection serverConnection) {
    Assert.notNull(serverConnection, "ServerConnection must not be null");
    this.serverConnection = serverConnection;
}

从构造方法中我们可以看出,传入了一个TargetServerConnection实例,而TargetServerConnection是一个函数式接口。

@FunctionalInterface
public interface TargetServerConnection {
    ByteChannel open(int timeout) throws IOException;
}

在源码中,有一个该接口的实现类SocketTargetServerConnection

public class SocketTargetServerConnection implements TargetServerConnection {
    public SocketTargetServerConnection(PortProvider portProvider) {
        Assert.notNull(portProvider, "PortProvider must not be null");
        this.portProvider = portProvider;
    }

    @Override
    public ByteChannel open(int socketTimeout) throws IOException {
        SocketAddress address = new InetSocketAddress(this.portProvider.getPort());
        logger.trace(LogMessage.format("Opening tunnel connection to target server on %s", address));
        SocketChannel channel = SocketChannel.open(address);
        channel.socket().setSoTimeout(socketTimeout);
        return new TimeoutAwareChannel(channel);
    }
    ... ...
}

// SocketTargetServerConnection的构造函数传入的是函数式接口PortProvider,
// 是一个获取port的函数式接口
@FunctionalInterface
public interface PortProvider {
    /**
     * Return the port number.
     * @return the port number
     */
    int getPort();
}

很明显,这个方法是提供的该服务于其他服务进行Tunnel交互的,SocketTargetServerConnection的open函数是打开一个端口与远程端口进行交互。在Springboot自己的测试代码中

@Bean
DispatcherFilter filter(AnnotationConfigServletWebServerApplicationContext context) {
    TargetServerConnection connection = new SocketTargetServerConnection(
        () -> context.getWebServer().getPort());
    HttpTunnelServer server = new HttpTunnelServer(connection); // 在webServer的对等端口,定义了一个HttpTunnelServer
    HandlerMapper mapper = new UrlHandlerMapper("/httptunnel", new HttpTunnelServerHandler(server)); // 创建一个处理器
    Collection<HandlerMapper> mappers = Collections.singleton(mapper); // 创建单例
    Dispatcher dispatcher = new Dispatcher(AccessManager.PERMIT_ALL, mappers); // 创建处理任务分发
    return new DispatcherFilter(dispatcher); // 监听并分发处理任务
}
// HttpTunnelServerHandler.java
public class HttpTunnelServerHandler implements Handler {

    private HttpTunnelServer server;

    public HttpTunnelServerHandler(HttpTunnelServer server) {
        Assert.notNull(server, "Server must not be null");
        this.server = server;
    }
    
    @Override
    public void handle(ServerHttpRequest request, ServerHttpResponse response) throws IOException {
        this.server.handle(request, response);
    }
}

// 其中Handler也是一个函数式接口
@FunctionalInterface
public interface Handler {
    /**
     * Handle the request.
     * @param request the request
     * @param response the response
     * @throws IOException in case of I/O errors
     */
    void handle(ServerHttpRequest request, ServerHttpResponse response) throws IOException;
}

也就是说,在需要与远程进行Tunnel隧道传输的时候,HttpTunnelServer通过将数据包封装进Servlet中的方法,首先与远端服务器建立connet连接,连接建立成功以后,将数据包再通过Http的方法传出去。

有了HttpTunnelServer,我们就可以和远端集成服务器双向交流

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